México: Narcotráfico
Cable sobre cómo militares mexicanos entrenados por EE UU se pasaron al cartel de los ZETAS
En 2009 la Embajada en México informa de que militares entrenados por EE UU se acabaron pasando al cartel de los ZETAS. Uno de ellos estuvo implicado en un atentado fallido contra un ex Fiscal General adjunto
| ID: | 221688 |
| Date: | 2009-08-21 03:19:00 |
| Origin: | 09MEXICO2473 |
| Source: | Embassy Mexico |
| Classification: | SECRET//NOFORN |
| Dunno: | |
| Destination: | VZCZCXRO7753 RR RUEHCD RUEHGD RUEHHO RUEHMC RUEHNG RUEHNL RUEHRD RUEHRS RUEHTM DE RUEHME #2473/01 2330319 ZNY SSSSS ZZH R 210319Z AUG 09 FM AMEMBASSY MEXICO TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 7982 INFO RUEHXC/ALL US CONSULATES IN MEXICO COLLECTIVE RHMFISS/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC RUEHC/DEPT OF LABOR WASHINGTON DC RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC RHMFISS/CDR USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL RHMFISS/HQ USNORTHCOM RUEAHLA/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY RUEABND/DEA HQS WASHINGTON DC RHEHAAA/NSC WASHINGTON DC |
S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 02 MEXICO 002473 NOFORN SIPDIS E.O. 12958: DECL: 12/21/2017 TAGS: PREL, PGOV, PHUM, KCRM, PINR, SNAR, MX SUBJECT: SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT ON ZETAS AND U.S. MILITARY TRAINING Classified By: Political Minister Counselor Charles Barclay for reasons 1.4 (b) and (d) 1. (S/NOFORN) Summary: Since 1996, U.S. Embassy Mexico City has maintained an electronic database of all Mexican military trained with U.S. funds. These records show that the USG has trained nearly of 5,000 Mexican military personnel, including members of Mexico's Special Forces (GAFEs). Several prominent members of the Mexican cartel Los ZETAS, notorious for violent attacks, previously served in the Mexican military's special forces units. Rumors have long circulated suggesting that U.S.-trained members of the Mexican military have become ZETAS. The Embassy actively vets GOM security officials selected for participation in U.S.-funded training programs for involvement in human rights abuses or other criminal activities. The U.S. also sponsors training activities, exercises, and exchanges that promote human rights within the Mexican military. Separately, the Mexican Government has proposed legislation to increase the penalty for GOM military personnel implicated in organized crime activities. The Embassy conducted an extensive cross-check of our database of Mexican military officials who participated in U.S.-funded training programs against lists of known members of Los ZETAS. The comparison of databases did not produce any hits. However, intelligence from other sources yielded the name of one individual was reportedly trained by U.S. forces, retired from the Mexican Military, was forcibly recruited into Los ZETAS, and was later implicated in a plan to assassinate former Mexican Deputy Attorney General Jose Luis Vasconceles. End Summary. The Raw Data 2. (SBU) Since 1996, the Embassy's Office of Defense Coordination (ODC) has maintained an electronic database of all Mexican military personnel that receive U.S.-funded military training. The database categorizes the individuals by military organization -- SEDENA or SEMAR -- as well as by the type of training they receive. The numbers below show Mexican military members trained in the U.S. and Mexico. The training in Mexico by U.S. personnel involves subject matter exchanges, seminars, conferences, and mobile training teams. The training conducted in the U.S. normally is individual-level training, although some tactical-level training includes special forces training. According to ODC's database, since 1996 the U.S. has trained the following number of Mexican military personnel. 1996 - 440 1997 - 236 1998 - 693 1999 - 1271 2000 - 282 2002 - 225 2003 - 207 2004 - 162 2005 - 185 2006 - 184 2008 - 177 2009 - 517 (to be completed by end of FY 09) Total: 4952 3. (C) From 1996-1998, the U.S. provided unit-specific training to 422 GAFEs. After 1998, the U.S. military discontinued unit level training programs, including GAFE training, to concentrate on specialized individual military training. It is possible that the U.S. provided training to individual GAFEs who participated as members of regular units. Cross-checking and Validating 4. (C) The Embassy's DEA office maintains a database of all ZETAS who have been arrested, killed, or otherwise identified. The database relies on a variety of sources including the GOM, informants, and press accounts. Los ZETAS is a criminal organization that guards the identity of its members. We cannot know the names of every one of its MEXICO 00002473 002 OF 002 members. Nevertheless, we have cross-checked the names of the nearly 5,000 Mexican military personnel that we have trained since 1996 against the list of known ZETA members that the DEA compiles and have not found a match. (Note: Prior to 1996, only hard copies of military orders exist. A review of these files suggests they are incomplete. Where paper files exist, we cross checked those names against the DEA's list and found no matches. End Note.) 5. (S/NOFORN) Separate sensitive collateral reporting indicates that Rogelio Lopez Villafana, a former Mexican infantry lieutenant who retired from the Mexican elite special forces, was forcibly recruited into Los ZETAS. Lopez was later arrested and implicated in a plan to assassinate the former Deputy Attorney General for Legal and International Affairs, Jose Luis Santiago Vasconceles, in January 2008. The same sensitive collateral reporting indicates that Lopez received counter-narcotics operations training at Fort Bragg, but the records do not include the specific date. In response to Embassy queries, Fort Bragg advised us that it could not recover any record on this individual. Fort Bragg noted that its electronic training records only date back to 1996. The Mexican Army (SEDENA) reported to the Embassy that Lopez retired in July 2007 after completing 20 years and 8 months of service in the Mexican Army. As a result, he could have trained in the U.S. prior to the inception of the ODC and Fort Bragg electronic databases. Vetting and Training Provide Additional Protections 6. (SBU) Since 1998, U.S. law requires Leahy human rights vetting for any individual participating in U.S.-sponsored training. Post and ODC administers a robust human rights vetting program and every Mexican participant in our military training program is subject to these legal requirements prior to the training event. By law, we deny training to any candidate implicated in a human rights abuse. Raising the Stakes For Soldiers Going Bad 7. (SBU) In April 2009, President Calderon proposed a piece of legislation that would mandate a 60-year prison sentence for any member of the military that deserts and subsequently engages in organized crime activity. Drafters of the legislation hope that this bill will discourage soldiers from using their military training for criminal purposes. All major political parties agree on the bill's content. Adoption of the bill would represent the first time the federal government directly mandates a change to the Mexican Military Code. This point may generate some debate when the Mexican Congress reconvenes in September and reviews the bill. 8. (S/NOFORN) Comment: Critics of U.S. military training and conspiracy theorists have long speculated that members of the notoriously violent cartel Los ZETAS once received U.S.-funded special forces training. Since we cannot know the name of every Mexican soldier who has joined Los ZETAS, we cannot irrefutably reject this possibility. However, the Embassy checked all available databases and obtained no adverse results. Additional records based on informant sources only yielded one case. Since 1998, the USG has vetted every candidate for U.S.-funded military training for human rights abuses. It is impossible to guarantee that every Mexican soldier who receives our training in the future will not defect to organized crime. We remain hopeful, however, that the passage of harsh legislation instituting a 60-year sentence for soldiers who become involved in organized crime will be a useful deterrent. End Comment Visit Mexico City's Classified Web Site at http://www.state.sgov.gov/p/wha/mexicocity and the North American Partnership Blog at http://www.intelink.gov/communities/state/nap / FEELEY |
Traduce este documento »
Traducción automática. Puede que el texto traducido no sea fiel al original
Tu suscripción se está usando en otro dispositivo
¿Quieres añadir otro usuario a tu suscripción?
Si continúas leyendo en este dispositivo, no se podrá leer en el otro.
FlechaTu suscripción se está usando en otro dispositivo y solo puedes acceder a EL PAÍS desde un dispositivo a la vez.
Si quieres compartir tu cuenta, cambia tu suscripción a la modalidad Premium, así podrás añadir otro usuario. Cada uno accederá con su propia cuenta de email, lo que os permitirá personalizar vuestra experiencia en EL PAÍS.
En el caso de no saber quién está usando tu cuenta, te recomendamos cambiar tu contraseña aquí.
Si decides continuar compartiendo tu cuenta, este mensaje se mostrará en tu dispositivo y en el de la otra persona que está usando tu cuenta de forma indefinida, afectando a tu experiencia de lectura. Puedes consultar aquí los términos y condiciones de la suscripción digital.
